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03 · Level 3Position size, drawdown, margin calls, and the habits that empty an account faster than any bad entry. Twelve lessons.

Risk and the mind: how accounts survive

  1. 3.1

    Risk per trade: the 1-2% rule

    Deciding the money you can lose on one trade before deciding anything else. Everything downstream — size, stop, target — follows from that number.

  2. 3.2

    Working out position size

    Risk in money, divided by the stop distance in pips, divided by pip value. Three numbers you already have, in that order.

  3. 3.3

    Risk and reward

    What the ratio between stop and target does to the hit rate you need. The arithmetic is fixed; the ratio you can actually get is not.

  4. 3.4

    Drawdown and losing streaks

    How far an account falls from its peak, and why a run of losses is normal rather than evidence that something broke.

  5. 3.5

    Margin call and stop out

    The two thresholds at which a broker warns you and then closes your positions, and the numbers that bring an account to them.

  6. 3.6

    Fear, greed and FOMO

    The three states in which traders break their own rules, and what each one feels like from the inside while it happens.

  7. 3.7

    Overtrading and chasing losses

    Two patterns that turn one bad trade into a bad week: trading more often than the plan allows, and raising size to win it back.

  8. 3.8

    Discipline: the rules you do not break

    A short written routine before, during and after the session — the part of trading that is the same every day.

  9. 3.9

    Signals, robots and copy trading

    Three ways to hand decisions to someone else, what each one actually copies, and what stays your risk regardless.

  10. 3.10

    Checking a broker in the local register

    Where the register is, what to type into it, and which answers mean the licence does not cover what you were offered.

  11. 3.11

    Tax on trading in your country

    Which authority wants to hear about trading results, what kind of income they are treated as, and what records to keep from the start.

  12. 3.12

    Taking your money out

    The route a withdrawal takes, how long each step holds it, and the checks that stop one.

What changes when you start measuring risk instead of predicting price

On the chart, a stop loss looks like a thin horizontal line. On the account statement, that line becomes a peso amount that either leaves room for the next trade or removes it. Level 3 begins with that shift: from reading charts to reading what a chart position costs if the market goes the other way. Before this level, a reader can describe a setup. After it, the same reader can say how much of the account that setup is allowed to put at risk, and why that number is small.

The first idea is that risk is chosen before entry, not after. The 1-2% rule sets a ceiling on what any single trade can lose. That ceiling is a percentage of the account balance, so it moves as the balance moves. A reader who has never sized a position will learn to work backwards from the stop distance to the number of units, using the pip value of EUR/USD at around 1.0850. The arithmetic is simple, but it must be done before the order is placed.

The second idea is that survival is a sequence, not a single decision. Drawdown, losing streaks, margin calls and stop outs are all outcomes of many small choices. The level shows how a run of losses shrinks an account and how the required gain to recover grows faster than the loss itself. That asymmetry is the reason the 1-2% ceiling exists. It is also the reason a reader who ignores it can be right about direction and still lose the account.

Why the mind breaks the rules the maths sets

A plan on paper is not the same as a plan under pressure. Fear, greed and FOMO appear when money is already at risk and the chart is moving. The level treats these as predictable responses, not personal flaws. A reader learns to recognise the moment when a normal emotion is about to turn into an order that the plan did not allow. That recognition is a skill, and it improves with repetition, not with willpower alone.

Overtrading and chasing losses are the two habits that empty accounts faster than any bad entry. Both start as attempts to fix a previous result. The level shows how a losing trade can lead to a larger position, a shorter stop, or a market that was not in the plan. Each of those moves increases the amount at risk without increasing the quality of the decision. Discipline, in this context, means having rules that do not change when the account is down.

The final part of the mental work is knowing what to ignore. Signals, robots and copy trading all offer to remove the need for a decision. The level explains what those services can and cannot do, and why a reader still needs to understand position size before using any of them. The same applies to checking a broker in the SEC Philippines register and to understanding tax on trading in the Philippines. Those are not chart skills, but they decide whether the money is accessible when the reader wants it.

How the level is practised and how long it takes

Each lesson in this level ends with a calculation or a written rule, not a prediction. A reader might size a EUR/USD trade with a 30-pip stop and a 1% risk limit, then compare that with a 60-pip stop. The point is to see how the stop distance changes the position size while the risk in pesos stays the same. That exercise is repeated until the number of units is no longer a guess.

The pace is honest: most readers need two to three weeks to work through twelve lessons if they do the arithmetic themselves. Reading alone takes a few hours, but reading does not build the habit. The habit comes from writing the rules down, applying them to past charts, and noticing where the plan was broken. A reader who skips that step will recognise the words but not the moment.

By the end, a reader can look at a chart and state the risk in pesos before the trade is placed. They can explain why a 20% drawdown needs a 25% gain to recover, and why a margin call is a broker's protection, not a personal failure. They can also say what they will do when a losing streak arrives, because they have already decided. That is the difference between an account that survives and one that does not.

Doing it once, step by step

Before moving to the next level, work through these steps in order. Each one turns a rule into a number or a written sentence that you can check later.

  1. 01

    Set a risk ceiling in pesos

    Take your current account balance and multiply it by 0.01 and by 0.02. Write both numbers down. These are the maximum amounts any single trade is allowed to lose. If the balance is ₱50,000, the range is ₱500 to ₱1,000. Keep the smaller number as your default until you have completed at least twenty trades.

  2. 02

    Calculate position size from the stop distance

    For EUR/USD at around 1.0850, one pip is worth about $10 per standard lot, which converts to roughly ₱560 at a rate of 56 PHP per dollar. If your stop is 25 pips away and your risk ceiling is ₱500, the maximum position is about 0.036 standard lots. Round down, not up. Write the calculation beside the trade so you can see where the number came from.

  3. 03

    Record drawdown and recovery maths

    Write down what happens to a ₱50,000 account after five consecutive losses of 2% each. The balance falls to about ₱45,200. The gain needed to return to ₱50,000 is about 10.6%, not 10%. Do the same for a 20% drawdown and note the required gain. Keep these figures where you can see them before you increase risk.

  4. 04

    Write three rules you will not break

    Choose three limits and put them in plain language. Examples: no more than two trades open at once; no trade without a stop loss; no adding to a losing position. Sign and date the page. These are the rules that matter when fear or greed suggests an exception.

  5. 05

    Check the broker in the SEC Philippines register

    Go to the SEC Philippines website and search for the entity that holds your account. Confirm that the name matches the one on your statements. If it does not, stop and ask why in writing. A broker that cannot be found in the register is a risk that no position size can fix.

  6. 06

    Plan a withdrawal with GCash or bank transfer

    Decide in advance how you will take money out and how long it should take. Test the process with a small amount before you need it. Note the fees and the exchange rate applied. A withdrawal that works slowly is still better than one that does not work at all.

Questions that come up next

How long does this level take to finish?

Twelve lessons, and most readers need two to four weeks at a steady pace. The arithmetic lessons are short. The mental ones take longer because they only make sense once you have watched your own account move. Reading them twice, a week apart, is normal.

Do I need a funded account to follow this level?

No. Every exercise works on paper with a pretend balance in pesos. You can size positions, count drawdown and track a losing streak without sending money anywhere. Some readers open a live account later, after the habits are in place. The lessons do not require it.

What if I have already blown an account?

You are in the right place. The level explains the mechanics of how it happens, which is usually a position that was too large rather than a direction that was wrong. Nothing here asks you to deposit again to prove anything. Work the numbers first.

Where does the money actually sit when I fund an account?

It sits with the broker, not with the SEC Philippines, and the rules on how it is held differ between brokers. That is why the level includes checking a firm against the local register before sending anything. Payments in the Philippines usually move by GCash or bank transfer, and the receiving name matters. If the name does not match the firm you checked, stop.

Can I skip the mental lessons and just do the maths?

You can read them in any order, but the two halves lean on each other. Position size only holds if you keep using it when a trade is going badly. The maths sets the ceiling; the habits are what keep you under it. Most people who skip ahead return to these lessons after a loss.

How much can I make once I follow all of this?

Nobody can tell you that, and any figure would be invented. The level is about what you can lose and how to keep that number small. Profit depends on the market, your decisions and time, none of which can be promised. Treat any stated return as a warning sign.

The words used on this page

Stop loss
An order that closes a trade at a chosen price to cap the loss. On the chart it is a line. On the statement it is a peso amount.
Position size
How many units of EUR/USD a trade controls. It is worked out from the stop distance and the amount you are willing to lose.
Drawdown
The fall from an account's highest value to its current value. It is measured in pesos and as a percentage.
Margin call
A broker's notice that the account no longer holds enough to support the open positions. The rules and the level that triggers it vary between brokers.
Overtrading
Taking more trades than the plan allows, usually to recover a previous result. It raises the amount at risk without improving the decision.
Stop out
The point where a broker closes positions automatically because margin has run out. It is the step after a margin call, and the level differs by broker.

What to take away

  • Risk is chosen before entry, as a small percentage of the balance, and the position size follows from the stop distance.
  • A losing streak shrinks the account faster than an equal winning streak rebuilds it, which is why the ceiling stays low.
  • Fear, greed and FOMO turn into orders, and recognising that moment is a skill built by repetition.
  • Check any firm against the SEC Philippines register, keep withdrawals simple, and treat local tax questions as something to confirm with the relevant office rather than assume.

Printable summary

Every lesson in this level on a few pages, with the worked figures. For reading away from the screen.

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Start at the first lesson if this is new. If you already have an account, Level 3 is the one that keeps it.Rosayour course guide